Determination of application delay value of minimum scheduling offset limit

ABSTRACT

Provided are a method and device for determining an application delay value of a minimum scheduling offset limit in a wireless communication system. In the method, when DCI including information notifying a change in a minimum scheduling offset limit value in slot n of a scheduling cell is received, the changed minimum scheduling offset limit value is applied in slot n+X of the scheduling cell. Here, the X value may be determined on the basis of two parameters such as Y and Z, wherein the Y value is a minimum scheduling offset limit value applied to a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI, and the Z value is a value determined in advance according to a subcarrier interval of the scheduling cell. In addition, the Z value may be increased by 1 according to the temporal position at which the DCI is received in the slot n.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(e), this application is a continuation ofInternational Application No. PCT/KR2020/015141, with an internationalfiling date of Nov. 2, 2020, which claims the benefit of Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2019-0142075, filed on Nov. 7, 2019, the contents ofwhich are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUNDS Field of the Description

The present disclosure relates to a method for determining anapplication delay value of a minimum scheduling offset restriction in awireless communication system and an apparatus using the method.

Related Art

As a growing number of communication devices require highercommunication capacity, there is a need for advanced mobile broadbandcommunication as compared to existing radio access technology (RAT).Massive machine-type communication (MTC), which provides a variety ofservices anytime and anywhere by connecting a plurality of devices and aplurality of objects, is also one major issue to be considered innext-generation communication. In addition, designs for communicationsystems considering services or a user equipment (UE) sensitive toreliability and latency are under discussion. Introduction ofnext-generation RAT considering enhanced mobile broadband communication,massive MTC, and ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) isunder discussion. In this disclosure, for convenience of description,this technology may be referred to as new RAT or new radio (NR). NR isalso referred to as a fifth generation (5G) system.

As the performance and functions of the UE such as display resolution,display size, processor, memory, and application increase of the UEimprove, power consumption also increases. Since the power supply of theUE may be limited to the battery, it is important to reduce powerconsumption. This is the same for a UE operating in NR.

As one example for reducing power consumption of the UE, there iscross-slot scheduling. A slot in which a physical downlink controlchannel (PDCCH) is received is the same as a slot in which a physicaldownlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the PDCCH is received iscalled same-slot scheduling. In cross-slot scheduling, the PDCCH and thePDSCH scheduled by the PDCCH may be in different slots. The PDCCH isoften received only in some symbols within the slot (e.g., the first 3symbols of the slot) and decoded. When cross-slot scheduling is applied,the UE can save power by making a radio frequency (RF) unit sleep insymbols (slots) after receiving the PDCCH before receiving the PDSCH.

The network sets the minimum applicable K0/K2 value, and may indicate tothe UE the minimum applicable slot offset between the PDCCH (morespecifically, downlink control information (DCI)) and the PDSCH/PUSCH(physical uplink shared channel) scheduled by the DCI. The minimumapplicable slot offset means a minimum value of an offset between a slotin which DCI is received and a PDSCH/PUSCH slot scheduled by the DCI,and may be referred to as a minimum scheduling offset.

By the way, upon indicating/changing the minimum scheduling offset, whenthe indication/change is applied may be defined through an ‘applicationdelay’ value.

When cross-carrier scheduling, particularly, cross-carrier scheduling isused in carrier aggregation in which the numerology of the schedulingcell and the scheduled cell are different, it is necessary to clearlydefine how to determine the application delay value.

SUMMARY

A technical object of the disclosure is to provide a method fordetermining an application delay value of a minimum scheduling offsetrestriction in a wireless communication system and an apparatus usingthe method.

In one aspect, provided is a method for determining an application delayvalue of a minimum scheduling offset restriction in a wirelesscommunication system. The method includes receiving downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, each of the K0 min andK2 min being an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction, andapplying a changed K0 min or a changed K2 min value in a slot n+X of thescheduling cell. The X value is a largest value among i) a first valueobtained by multiplying currently applied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cellscheduled by the DCI by 2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and thenperforming ceiling and ii) a second value (Z) that are predetermineddepending on a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. Theμscheduling is a subcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduling celland the μscheduled is a subcarrier spacing configuration of thescheduled cell.

In another aspect, provided is a user equipment (UE). The UE includes atransceiver for transmitting and receiving a radio signal and aprocessor operating in connected to the transceiver. The processor isconfigured to: receive downlink control information (DCI) includinginformation for a change to a value of K0 min or K2 min in a slot n of ascheduling cell, each of the K0 min and K2 min being an applied minimumscheduling offset restriction, and apply a changed K0 min or a changedK2 min value in a slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X value is alargest value among i) a first value obtained by multiplying currentlyapplied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.

In still another aspect, provided is a communication method of a basestation to which an application delay value of a minimum schedulingoffset restriction is applied in a wireless communication system. Themethod includes transmitting, to a user equipment, downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, each of the K0 min andK2 min being an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction, andcommunicating with the user equipment by applying a changed K0 min or achanged K2 min value in a slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X valueis a largest value among i) a first value obtained by multiplyingcurrently applied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.

In still another aspect, provided is a base station. The base stationcomprises a transceiver for transmitting and receiving a radio signaland a processor operating in connected to the transceiver. The processoris configured to: transmit, to a user equipment, downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, each of the K0 min andK2 min being an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction, andcommunicate with the user equipment by applying a changed K0 min or achanged K2 min value in a slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X valueis a largest value among i) a first value obtained by multiplyingcurrently applied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.

In still another aspect, provided is at least one computer-readablemedium (CRM) comprising an instruction based on being executed by atleast one processor. The CRM receives downlink control information (DCI)including information for a change to a value of K0 min or K2 min in aslot n of a scheduling cell, each of the K0 min and K2 min being anapplied minimum scheduling offset restriction, and applies a changed K0min or a changed K2 min value in a slot n+X of the scheduling cell. TheX value is a largest value among i) a first value obtained bymultiplying currently applied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduledby the DCI by 2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceilingand ii) a second value (Z) that are predetermined depending on asubcarrier spacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduling cell and theμscheduled is a subcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.

In still another aspect, provided is an apparatus operated in a wirelesscommunication system. The apparatus includes a processor and a memory tobe operatively connected to the processor. The processor is configuredto: receive downlink control information (DCI) including information fora change to a value of K0 min or K2 min in a slot n of a schedulingcell, each of the K0 min and K2 min being an applied minimum schedulingoffset restriction, and apply a changed K0 min or a changed K2 min valuein a slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X value is a largest valueamong i) a first value obtained by multiplying currently applied K0 min(Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.

When a change in the minimum scheduling offset is indicated in carrieraggregation using different numerologies (e.g., different subcarrierspacing) in the scheduling cell and the scheduled cell,misunderstandings do not occur between the network and the UE byclarifying the application delay value indicating the time ofapplication of the change. In addition, it prevents an impossible ordifficult UE operation from occurring by determining the applicationdelay value in consideration of the position in the slot of the DCIindicating the change.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system to which the presentdisclosure may be applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a wireless protocol architecture for a userplane.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wireless protocol architecture for acontrol plane.

FIG. 4 shows another example of a wireless communication system to whichthe present disclosure may be applied.

FIG. 5 illustrates a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a frame structure that may be appliedin NR.

FIG. 7 illustrates a slot structure of the NR frame.

FIG. 8 illustrates a CORESET.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a difference between a conventionalcontrol region and the CORESET in NR.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a frame structure for new radio accesstechnology.

FIG. 11 illustrates a structure of self-contained slot.

FIG. 12 illustrates physical channels and general signal transmission.

FIG. 13 illustrates a scenario in which three different bandwidth partsare set.

FIG. 14 is an example of applying an application delay.

FIG. 15 illustrates a location of a CORESET for PDCCH monitoring.

FIG. 16 illustrates a method for determining an application delay valueaccording to option 3.

FIG. 17 is an example of applying the method of FIG. 16.

FIG. 18 is another example of applying the method of FIG. 16.

FIG. 19 illustrates a signaling method between a network (base stationUE.

FIG. 20 illustrates a signaling method between a network (base station)and a UE.

FIG. 21 illustrates a wireless device that is applicable to thedisclosure.

FIG. 22 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmissionsignal.

FIG. 23 shows another example of the structure of a signal processingmodule in a transmission device.

FIG. 24 illustrates an example of a wireless communication deviceaccording to an implementation of the present disclosure.

FIG. 25 shows an example of a processor 2000.

FIG. 26 shows an example of a processor 3000.

FIG. 27 shows another example of a wireless device.

FIG. 28 shows another example of a wireless device applied to thepresent specification.

FIG. 29 illustrates a portable device applied to the presentspecification.

FIG. 30 illustrates the communication system 1 applied to thisspecification.

FIG. 31 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle that may beapplied herein.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system to which the presentdisclosure may be applied. The wireless communication system may bereferred to as an Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network(E-UTRAN) or a Long Term Evolution (LTE)/LTE-A system.

The E-UTRAN includes at least one base station (BS) 20 which provides acontrol plane and a user plane to a user equipment (UE) 10. The UE 10may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to as another terminology,such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriberstation (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), a wireless device, terminal, etc.The BS 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10and may be referred to as another terminology, such as an evolved node-B(eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, gNB, etc.

The BSs 20 are interconnected by means of an X2 interface. The BSs 20are also connected by means of an S1 interface to an evolved packet core(EPC) 30, more specifically, to a mobility management entity (MME)through S1-MME and to a serving gateway (S-GW) through S1-U.

The EPC 30 includes an MME, an S-GW, and a packet data network-gateway(P-GW). The MME has access information of the UE or capabilityinformation of the UE, and such information is generally used formobility management of the UE. The S-GW is a gateway having an E-UTRANas an end point. The P-GW is a gateway having a PDN as an end point.

Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network canbe classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a thirdlayer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open systeminterconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in the communicationsystem. Among them, a physical (PHY) layer belonging to the first layerprovides an information transfer service by using a physical channel,and a radio resource control (RRC) layer belonging to the third layerserves to control a radio resource between the UE and the network. Forthis, the RRC layer exchanges an RRC message between the UE and the BS.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a wireless protocol architecture for a userplane. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wireless protocol architecture fora control plane. The user plane is a protocol stack for user datatransmission. The control plane is a protocol stack for control signaltransmission.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, a PHY layer provides an upper layer with aninformation transfer service through a physical channel. The PHY layeris connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer which is an upperlayer of the PHY layer through a transport channel. Data is transferredbetween the MAC layer and the PHY layer through the transport channel.The transport channel is classified according to how and with whatcharacteristics data is transferred through a radio interface.

Data is moved between different PHY layers, that is, the PHY layers of atransmitter and a receiver, through a physical channel. The physicalchannel may be modulated according to an Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and use the time and frequency as radioresources.

The functions of the MAC layer include mapping between a logical channeland a transport channel and multiplexing and demultiplexing to atransport block that is provided through a physical channel on thetransport channel of a MAC Service Data Unit (SDU) that belongs to alogical channel. The MAC layer provides service to a Radio Link Control(RLC) layer through the logical channel.

The functions of the RLC layer include the concatenation, segmentation,and reassembly of an RLC SDU. In order to guarantee various types ofQuality of Service (QoS) required by a Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layerprovides three types of operation mode: Transparent Mode (TM),Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provideserror correction through an Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

The RRC layer is defined only on the control plane. The RRC layer isrelated to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radiobearers, and is responsible for control of logical channels, transportchannels, and PHY channels. An RB means a logical route that is providedby the first layer (PHY layer) and the second layers (MAC layer, the RLClayer, and the PDCP layer) in order to transfer data between UE and anetwork.

The function of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer on theuser plane includes the transfer of user data and header compression andciphering. The function of the PDCP layer on the user plane furtherincludes the transfer and encryption/integrity protection of controlplane data.

What an RB is configured means a process of defining the characteristicsof a wireless protocol layer and channels in order to provide specificservice and configuring each detailed parameter and operating method. AnRB can be divided into two types of a Signaling RB (SRB) and a Data RB(DRB). The SRB is used as a passage through which an RRC message istransmitted on the control plane, and the DRB is used as a passagethrough which user data is transmitted on the user plane.

If RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of UE and the RRClayer of an E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC connected state. If not, theUE is in the RRC idle state.

A downlink transport channel through which data is transmitted from anetwork to UE includes a broadcast channel (BCH) through which systeminformation is transmitted and a downlink shared channel (SCH) throughwhich user traffic or control messages are transmitted. Traffic or acontrol message for downlink multicast or broadcast service may betransmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through anadditional downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplinktransport channel through which data is transmitted from UE to a networkincludes a random access channel (RACH) through which an initial controlmessage is transmitted and an uplink shared channel (SCH) through whichuser traffic or control messages are transmitted.

Logical channels that are placed over the transport channel and that aremapped to the transport channel include a broadcast control channel(BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel(CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and a multicast trafficchannel (MTCH).

The physical channel includes several OFDM symbols in the time domainand several subcarriers in the frequency domain. One subframe includes aplurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. An RB is a resourcesallocation unit, and includes a plurality of OFDM symbols and aplurality of subcarriers. Furthermore, each subframe may use specificsubcarriers of specific OFDM symbols (e.g., the first OFDM symbol) ofthe corresponding subframe for a physical downlink control channel(PDCCH), that is, an L1/L2 control channel. A Transmission Time Interval(TTI) is a unit time for transmission.

Hereinafter, a new radio access technology (new RAT, NR) will bedescribed.

As more and more communication devices require more communicationcapacity, there is a need for improved mobile broadband communicationover existing radio access technology. Also, massive machine typecommunications (MTC), which provides various services by connecting manydevices and objects, is one of the major issues to be considered in thenext generation communication. In addition, communication system designconsidering reliability/latency sensitive service/UE is being discussed.The introduction of next generation radio access technology consideringenhanced mobile broadband communication (eMBB), massive MTC (mMTC),ultrareliable and low latency communication (URLLC) is discussed. Thisnew technology may be called new radio access technology (new RAT or NR)in the present disclosure for convenience.

FIG. 4 illustrates a system structure of a next generation radio accessnetwork (NG-RAN) to which NR is applied.

Referring to FIG. 4, the NG-RAN may include a gNB and/or an eNB thatprovides user plane and control plane protocol termination to a UE. FIG.4 illustrates the case of including only gNBs. The gNB and the eNB areconnected by an Xn interface. The gNB and the eNB are connected to a 5Gcore network (5GC) via an NG interface. More specifically, the gNB andthe eNB are connected to an access and mobility management function(AMF) via an NG-C interface and connected to a user plane function (UPF)via an NG-U interface.

FIG. 5 illustrates a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC.

The gNB may provide functions such as an inter-cell radio resourcemanagement (Inter Cell RRM), radio bearer management (RB control),connection mobility control, radio admission control, measurementconfiguration & provision, dynamic resource allocation, and the like.The AMF may provide functions such as NAS security, idle state mobilityhandling, and so on. The UPF may provide functions such as mobilityanchoring, PDU processing, and the like. The SMF may provide functionssuch as UE IP address assignment, PDU session control, and so on.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a frame structure that may be appliedin NR.

Referring to FIG. 6, a radio frame (which may be called as a framehereinafter) may be used for uplink and downlink transmission in NR. Aframe has a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames(Half-Frame, HF). A half-frame may be defined as five 1 ms subframes(Subframe, SF). A subframe may be divided into one or more slots, andthe number of slots in a subframe depends on subcarrier spacing (SCS).Each slot includes 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix(CP). When a normal CP is used, each slot includes 14 symbols. When anextended CP is used, each slot includes 12 symbols. Here, the symbol mayinclude an OFDM symbol (or a CP-OFDM symbol) and an SC-FDMA symbol (or aDFT-s-OFDM symbol).

The following table 1 illustrates a subcarrier spacing configuration μ.

TABLE 1 μ Δf = 2^(μ) · 15[kHz] Cyclic prefix 0 15 Normal 1 30 Normal 260 Normal Extended 3 120 Normal 4 240 Normal

The following table 2 illustrates the number of slots in a frame(N^(frame,μ) _(slot)), the number of slots in a subframe (N^(subframe,μ)_(slot)), the number of symbols in a slot (N^(slot) _(symb)), and thelike, according to subcarrier spacing configurations μ.

TABLE 2 μ N_(symb) ^(slot) N_(slot) ^(frame, μ) N_(slot) ^(subframe, μ)0 14 10 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16

In FIG. 6, μ=0, 1, 2, and 3 are exemplified.

Table 2-1 below exemplifies that the number of symbols per slot, thenumber of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe varyaccording to SCS (μ=2, 60 kHz) when the extended CP is used.

TABLE 2-1 μ N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame, u) _(slot) N^(subframe, u)_(slot) 2 12 40 4

In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on)may be differently configured between a plurality of cells integrated toone UE. Accordingly, an (absolute time) duration of a time resource(e.g., SF, slot or TTI) (for convenience, collectively referred to as atime unit (TU)) configured of the same number of symbols may bedifferently configured between the integrated cells.

FIG. 7 illustrates a slot structure of a NR frame.

A slot may comprise a plurality of symbols in a time domain. Forexample, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 7 symbols.However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols. Thecarrier may include a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. Aresource block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of consecutivesubcarriers (e.g., 12) in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP)may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (P)RBs in the frequencydomain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length,etc.). A carrier may include a maximum of N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Datacommunication is performed through the activated BWP, and only one BWPcan be activated for one UE. Each element in the resource grid isreferred to as a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol may bemapped thereto.

A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) may include one or morecontrol channel elements (CCEs) as illustrated in the following table 3.

TABLE 3 Aggregation level Number of CCEs 1 1 2 2 4 4 8 8 16 16

That is, the PDCCH may be transmitted through a resource including 1, 2,4, 8, or 16 CCEs. Here, the CCE includes six resource element groups(REGs), and one REG includes one resource block in a frequency domainand one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in atime domain.

Monitoring means decoding each PDCCH candidate according to a downlinkcontrol information (DCI) format. The UE monitors a set of PDCCHcandidates in one or more CORESETs (described below) on the activated DLBWP of each activated serving cell for which PDCCH monitoring isconfigured according to a corresponding search space set.

A new unit called a control resource set (CORESET) may be introduced inthe NR. The UE may receive a PDCCH in the CORESET.

FIG. 8 illustrates a CORESET.

Referring to FIG. 8, the CORESET includes N^(CORESET) _(RB) resourceblocks in the frequency domain, and N^(CORESET) _(symb) ∈{1, 2, 3}number of symbols in the time domain. N^(CORESET) _(RB) and N^(CORESET)_(symb) may be provided by a base station via higher layer signaling. Asillustrated in FIG. 8, a plurality of CCEs (or REGs) may be included inthe CORESET. One CCE may be composed of a plurality of resource elementgroups (REGs), and one REG may include one OFDM symbol in the timedomain and 12 resource elements in the frequency domain.

The UE may attempt to detect a PDCCH in units of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEsin the CORESET. One or a plurality of CCEs in which PDCCH detection maybe attempted may be referred to as PDCCH candidates.

A plurality of CORESETs may be configured for the UE.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a difference between a conventionalcontrol region and the CORESET in NR.

Referring to FIG. 9, a control region 800 in the conventional wirelesscommunication system (e.g., LTE/LTE-A) is configured over the entiresystem band used by a base station (BS). All the UEs, excluding some(e.g., eMTC/NB-IoT UE) supporting only a narrow band, must be able toreceive wireless signals of the entire system band of the BS in order toproperly receive/decode control information transmitted by the BS.

On the other hand, in NR, CORESET described above was introduced.CORESETs 801, 802, and 803 are radio resources for control informationto be received by the UE and may use only a portion, rather than theentirety of the system bandwidth in the frequency domain. In addition,in the time domain, only some of the symbols in the slot may be used.The BS may allocate the CORESET to each UE and may transmit controlinformation through the allocated CORESET. For example, in FIG. 9, afirst CORESET 801 may be allocated to UE 1, a second CORESET 802 may beallocated to UE 2, and a third CORESET 803 may be allocated to UE 3. Inthe NR, the UE may receive control information from the BS, withoutnecessarily receiving the entire system band.

The CORESET may include a UE-specific CORESET for transmittingUE-specific control information and a common CORESET for transmittingcontrol information common to all UEs.

Meanwhile, NR may require high reliability according to applications. Insuch a situation, a target block error rate (BLER) for downlink controlinformation (DCI) transmitted through a downlink control channel (e.g.,physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) may remarkably decreasecompared to those of conventional technologies. As an example of amethod for satisfying requirement that requires high reliability,content included in DCI can be reduced and/or the amount of resourcesused for DCI transmission can be increased. Here, resources can includeat least one of resources in the time domain, resources in the frequencydomain, resources in the code domain and resources in the spatialdomain.

In NR, the following technologies/features can be applied.

<Self-Contained Subframe Structure>

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a frame structure for new radio accesstechnology.

In NR, a structure in which a control channel and a data channel aretime-division-multiplexed within one TTI, as shown in FIG. 10, can beconsidered as a frame structure in order to minimize latency.

In FIG. 10, a shaded region represents a downlink control region and ablack region represents an uplink control region. The remaining regionmay be used for downlink (DL) data transmission or uplink (UL) datatransmission. This structure is characterized in that DL transmissionand UL transmission are sequentially performed within one subframe andthus DL data can be transmitted and UL ACK/NACK can be received withinthe subframe. Consequently, a time required from occurrence of a datatransmission error to data retransmission is reduced, thereby minimizinglatency in final data transmission.

In this data and control TDMed subframe structure, a time gap for a basestation and a UE to switch from a transmission mode to a reception modeor from the reception mode to the transmission mode may be required. Tothis end, some OFDM symbols at a time when DL switches to UL may be setto a guard period (GP) in the self-contained subframe structure.

FIG. 11 illustrates a structure of self-contained slot.

In NR system, one slot includes all of a DL control channel, DL or ULdata channel, UL control channel, and so on. For example, the first Nsymbols in a slot may be used for transmitting a DL control channel (inwhat follows, DL control region), and the last M symbols in the slot maybe used for transmitting an UL control channel (in what follows, ULcontrol region). N and M are each an integer of 0 or larger. A resourceregion located between the DL and UL control regions (in what follows, adata region) may be used for transmission of DL data or UL data. As oneexample, one slot may correspond to one of the following configurations.Each period is listed in the time order.

1. DL only configuration

2. UL only configuration

3. Mixed UL-DL configuration

-   -   DL region+GP (Guard Period)+UL control region    -   DL control region+GP+UL region

a DL region: (i) a DL data region, (ii) DL control region plus DL dataregion

a UL region: (i) an UL data region, (ii) UL data region plus UL controlregion.

In the DL control region, a PDCCH may be transmitted, and in the DL dataregion, a PDSCH may be transmitted. In the UL control region, a PUCCHmay be transmitted, and in the UL data region, a PUSCH may betransmitted. In the PDCCH, Downlink Control Information (DCI), forexample, DL data scheduling information or UL data schedulinginformation may be transmitted. In the PUCCH, Uplink Control Information(UCI), for example, ACK/NACK (Positive Acknowledgement/NegativeAcknowledgement) information with respect to DL data, Channel StateInformation (CSI) information, or Scheduling Request (SR) may betransmitted. A GP provides a time gap during a process where a gNB and aUE transition from the transmission mode to the reception mode or aprocess where the gNB and UE transition from the reception mode to thetransmission mode. Part of symbols belonging to the occasion in whichthe mode is changed from DL to UL within a subframe may be configured asthe GP.

<Analog Beamforming #1>

Wavelengths are shortened in millimeter wave (mmW) and thus a largenumber of antenna elements can be installed in the same area. That is,the wavelength is 1 cm at 30 GHz and thus a total of 100 antennaelements can be installed in the form of a 2-dimensional array at aninterval of 0.5 lambda (wavelength) in a panel of 5×5 cm. Accordingly,it is possible to increase a beamforming (BF) gain using a large numberof antenna elements to increase coverage or improve throughput in mmW.

In this case, if a transceiver unit (TXRU) is provided to adjusttransmission power and phase per antenna element, independentbeamforming per frequency resource can be performed. However,installation of TXRUs for all of about 100 antenna elements decreaseseffectiveness in terms of cost. Accordingly, a method of mapping a largenumber of antenna elements to one TXRU and controlling a beam directionusing an analog phase shifter is considered. Such analog beamforming canform only one beam direction in all bands and thus cannot providefrequency selective beamforming.

Hybrid beamforming (BF) having a number B of TXRUs which is smaller thanQ antenna elements can be considered as an intermediate form of digitalBF and analog BF. In this case, the number of directions of beams whichcan be simultaneously transmitted are limited to B although it dependson a method of connecting the B TXRUs and the Q antenna elements.

<Analog Beamforming #2>

When a plurality of antennas is used in NR, hybrid beamforming which isa combination of digital beamforming and analog beamforming is emerging.Here, in analog beamforming (or RF beamforming) an RF end performsprecoding (or combining) and thus it is possible to achieve theperformance similar to digital beamforming while reducing the number ofRF chains and the number of D/A (or A/D) converters. For convenience,the hybrid beamforming structure may be represented by N TXRUs and Mphysical antennas. Then, the digital beamforming for the L data layersto be transmitted at the transmitting end may be represented by an N byL matrix, and the converted N digital signals are converted into analogsignals via TXRUs, and analog beamforming represented by an M by Nmatrix is applied.

System information of the NR system may be transmitted in a broadcastingmanner. In this case, in one symbol, analog beams belonging to differentantenna panels may be simultaneously transmitted. A scheme ofintroducing a beam RS (BRS) which is a reference signal (RS) transmittedby applying a single analog beam (corresponding to a specific antennapanel) is under discussion to measure a channel per analog beam. The BRSmay be defined for a plurality of antenna ports, and each antenna portof the BRS may correspond to a single analog beam. In this case, unlikethe BRS, a synchronization signal or an xPBCH may be transmitted byapplying all analog beams within an analog beam group so as to becorrectly received by any UE.

In the NR, in a time domain, a synchronization signal block (SSB, oralso referred to as a synchronization signal and physical broadcastchannel (SS/PBCH)) may consist of 4 OFDM symbols indexed from 0 to 3 inan ascending order within a synchronization signal block, and a primarysynchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS),and a PBCH associated with demodulation reference signal (DMRS) may bemapped to the symbols. As described above, the synchronization signalblock may also be represented by an SS/PBCH block.

In NR, since a plurality of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) may betransmitted at different times, respectively, and the SSB may be usedfor performing initial access (IA), serving cell measurement, and thelike, it is preferable to transmit the SSB first when transmission timeand resources of the SSB overlap with those of other signals. To thispurpose, the network may broadcast the transmission time and resourceinformation of the SSB or indicate them through UE-specific RRCsignaling.

In NR, transmission and reception may be performed based on beams. Ifreception performance of a current serving beam is degraded, a processof searching for a new beam through the so-called Beam Failure Recovery(BFR) may be performed.

Since the BFR process is not intended for declaring an error or failureof a link between the network and a UE, it may be assumed that aconnection to the current serving cell is retained even if the BFRprocess is performed. During the BFR process, measurement of differentbeams (which may be expressed in terms of CSI-RS port or SynchronizationSignal Block (SSB) index) configured by the network may be performed,and the best beam for the corresponding UE may be selected. The UE mayperform the BFR process in a way that it performs an RACH processassociated with a beam yielding a good measurement result.

Now, a transmission configuration indicator (hereinafter, TCI) statewill be described. The TCI state may be configured for each CORESET of acontrol channel, and may determine a parameter for determining an RXbeam of the UE, based on the TCI state.

For each DL BWP of a serving cell, a UE may be configured for three orfewer CORESETs. Also, a UE may receive the following information foreach CORESET.

1) CORESET index p (e.g., one of 0 to 11, where index of each CORESETmay be determined uniquely among BWPs of one serving cell),

2) PDCCH DM-RS scrambling sequence initialization value,

3) Duration of a CORESET in the time domain (which may be given insymbol units),

4) Resource block set,

5) CCE-to-REG mapping parameter,

6) Antenna port quasi co-location indicating quasi co-location (QCL)information of a DM-RS antenna port for receiving a PDCCH in eachCORESET (from a set of antenna port quasi co-locations provided by ahigher layer parameter called ‘TCI-State’),

7) Indication of presence of Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI)field for a specific DCI format transmitted by the PDCCH in the CORESET,and so on.

QCL will be described. If a characteristic of a channel through which asymbol on one antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from acharacteristic of a channel through which a symbol on the other antennaport is conveyed, the two antenna ports are said to be quasi co-located(QCLed). For example, when two signals A and B are transmitted from thesame transmission antenna array to which the same/similar spatial filteris applied, the two signals may go through the same/similar channelstate. From a perspective of a receiver, upon receiving one of the twosignals, another signal may be detected by using a channelcharacteristic of the received signal.

In this sense, when it is said that the signals A and B are quasico-located (QCLed), it may mean that the signals A and B have wentthrough a similar channel condition, and thus channel informationestimated to detect the signal A is also useful to detect the signal B.Herein, the channel condition may be defined according to, for example,a Doppler shift, a Doppler spread, an average delay, a delay spread, aspatial reception parameter, or the like.

A ‘TCI-State’ parameter associates one or two downlink reference signalsto corresponding QCL types (QCL types A, B, C, and D, see Table 4).

TABLE 4 QCL Type Description QCL-TypeA Doppler shift, Doppler spread,Average delay, Delay spread QCL-TypeB Doppler shift, Doppler spreadQCL-TypeC Doppler shift, Average delay QCL-TypeD Spatial Rx parameter

Each ‘TCI-State’ may include a parameter for configuring a QCL relationbetween one or two downlink reference signals and a DM-RS port of aPDSCH (or PDDCH) or a CSI-RS port of a CSI-RS resource.

Meanwhile, for each DL BWP configured to a UE in one serving cell, theUE may be provided with 10 (or less) search space sets. For each searchspace set, the UE may be provided with at least one of the followinginformation.

1) search space set index s (0≤s<40), 2) an association between aCORESET p and the search space set s, 3) a PDCCH monitoring periodicityand a PDCCH monitoring offset (slot unit), 4) a PDCCH monitoring patternwithin a slot (e.g., indicating a first symbol of a CORSET in a slot forPDCCH monitoring), 5) the number of slots in which the search space sets exists, 6) the number of PDCCH candidates per CCE aggregation level,7) information indicating whether the search space set s is CSS or USS.

In the NR, a CORESET #0 may be configured by a PBCH (or a UE-dedicatedsignaling for handover or a PSCell configuration or a BWPconfiguration). A search space (SS) set #0 configured by the PBCH mayhave monitoring offsets (e.g., a slot offset, a symbol offset) differentfor each associated SSB. This may be required to minimize a search spaceoccasion to be monitored by the UE. Alternatively, this may be requiredto provide a beam sweeping control/data region capable of performingcontrol/data transmission based on each beam so that communication withthe UE is persistently performed in a situation where a best beam of theUE changes dynamically.

FIG. 12 illustrates physical channels and typical signal transmission.

Referring to FIG. 12, in a wireless communication system, a UE receivesinformation from a BS through a downlink (DL), and the UE transmitsinformation to the BS through an uplink (UL). The informationtransmitted/received by the BS and the UE includes data and a variety ofcontrol information, and there are various physical channels accordingto a type/purpose of the information transmitted/received by the BS andthe UE.

The UE which is powered on again in a power-off state or which newlyenters a cell performs an initial cell search operation such asadjusting synchronization with the BS or the like (S11). To this end,the UE receives a primary synchronization channel (PSCH) and a secondarysynchronization channel (SSCH) from the BS to adjust synchronizationwith the BS, and acquire information such as a cell identity (ID) or thelike. In addition, the UE may receive a physical broadcast channel(PBCH) from the BS to acquire broadcasting information in the cell. Inaddition, the UE may receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS) in aninitial cell search step to identify a downlink channel state.

Upon completing the initial cell search, the UE may receive a physicaldownlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink control channel(PDSCH) corresponding thereto to acquire more specific systeminformation (S12).

Thereafter, the UE may perform a random access procedure to complete anaccess to the BS (S13˜S16). Specifically, the UE may transmit a preamblethrough a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13), and may receivea random access response (RAR) for the preamble through a PDCCH and aPDSCH corresponding thereto (S14). Thereafter, the UE may transmit aphysical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) by using scheduling informationin the RAR (S15), and may perform a contention resolution proceduresimilarly to the PDCCH and the PDSCH corresponding thereto (S16).

After performing the aforementioned procedure, the UE may performPDCCH/PDSCH reception (S17) and PUSCH/physical uplink control channel(PUCCH) transmission (S18) as a typical uplink/downlink signaltransmission procedure. Control information transmitted by the UE to theBS is referred to as uplink control information (UCI). The UCI includeshybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) acknowledgement(ACK)/negative-ACK (NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel stateinformation (CSI), or the like. The CSI includes a channel qualityindicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indication(RI), or the like. In general, the UCI is transmitted through the PUCCH.However, when control information and data are to be transmittedsimultaneously, the UCI may be transmitted through the PUSCH. Inaddition, the UE may aperiodically transmit the UCI through the PUSCHaccording to a request/instruction of a network.

In order to enable reasonable battery consumption when bandwidthadaptation (BA) is configured, only one uplink BWP and one downlink BWPor only one downlink/uplink BWP pair for each uplink carrier may beactivated at once in an active serving cell, and all other BWPsconfigured in the UE are deactivated. In the deactivated BWPs, the UEdoes not monitor the PDCCH, and does not perform transmission on thePUCCH, PRACH, and UL-SCH.

For the BA, RX and TX bandwidths of the UE are not necessarily as wideas a bandwidth of a cell, and may be adjusted. That is, it may becommanded such that a width is changed (e.g., reduced for a period oflow activity for power saving), a position in a frequency domain ismoved (e.g., to increase scheduling flexibility), and a subcarrierspacing is changed (e.g., to allow different services). A subset of theentire cell bandwidth of a cell is referred to as a bandwidth part(BWP), and the BA is acquired by configuring BWP(s) to the UE and bynotifying the UE about a currently active BWP among configured BWPs.When the BA is configured, the UE only needs to monitor the PDCCH on oneactive BWP. That is, there is no need to monitor the PDCCH on the entiredownlink frequency of the cell. A BWP inactive timer (independent of theaforementioned DRX inactive timer) is used to switch an active BWP to adefault BWP. That is, the timer restarts when PDCCH decoding issuccessful, and switching to the default BWP occurs when the timerexpires.

FIG. 13 illustrates a scenario in which three different bandwidth partsare configured.

FIG. 13 shows an example in which BWP₁, BWP₂, and BWP₃ are configured ona time-frequency resource. The BWP₁ may have a width of 40 MHz and asubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. The BWP₂ may have a width of 10 MHz and asubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz. The BWP₃ may have a width of 20 MHz and asubcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. In other words, each BWP may have adifferent width and/or a different subcarrier spacing.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure proposes a cross-slot schedulingmethod and an apparatus using the method in a wireless communicationsystem.

In NR, a power saving technique is being discussed to reduce the powerconsumption of the UE, and among the techniques, there is a power savingtechnique using cross-slot scheduling.

A power saving technique using cross-slot scheduling indicates a minimumslot offset between the DCI and the PDSCH scheduled in the DCI. Powerconsumption can be reduced by a method in which the UE (micro-) sleepsor applies PDCCH decoding relaxation (e.g., using a low voltage/lowclock speed) in a duration guaranteed by the minimum slot offset. Forexample, assume that the minimum slot offset is 2. In this case, if theUE receives DCI in slot #N, the UE sleeps in slot #N+1 and wakes up inslot #N+2 to receive the PDSCH scheduled by the DCI. Since the minimumslot offset is 2, it is okay to sleep in slot #N+1. The minimum slotoffset may be referred to as a minimum applicable slot offset or aminimum applicable offset, a minimum scheduling offset, or the like.

As a specific example, the network may set a minimum applicable K0/K2value to indicate to the UE the minimum slot offset between the DCI andthe corresponding scheduled PDSCH/PUSCH when scheduling a PDSCH or aPUSCH. Here, K0 may be an offset (slot offset) related to a timerelationship between a slot in which DCI is received and a slot in whicha PDSCH scheduled by the DCI is received. K0 may be based on thenumerology of the PDSCH. K2 may be an offset (slot offset) related to atime relationship between a slot in which DCI is received and a slot inwhich a PUSCH scheduled by the DCI is transmitted. K2 may be based onthe numerology of PUSCH. It can be seen that the minimum applicable K0indicates the minimum applicable value (restriction) in setting the K0value, and the minimum applicable K2 indicates the minimum applicablevalue (restriction) in the setting of the K2 value. Hereinafter, theminimum applicable K0 may be expressed as K0 min, and the minimumapplicable K2 may be expressed as K2 min.

For example, the base station may instruct K0 and K2 to the UE in thefollowing manner.

When the UE is scheduled to receive the PDSCH by DCI, the time domainresource assignment field value m of DCI provides the row index m+1 inthe resource allocation table. The indexed row directly defines the slotoffset K0, the start and length indicator SLIV or the start symbol S andthe allocation length L, and the PDSCH mapping type assumed in PDSCHreception.

The following table is an example of a resource allocation table.

TABLE 5 dmrs-TypeA- PDSCH Row index Position mapping type K₀ S L 1 2Type A 0 2 12 3 Type A 0 3 11 2 2 Type A 0 2 10 3 Type A 0 3 9 3 2 TypeA 0 2 9 3 Type A 0 3 8 4 2 Type A 0 2 7 3 Type A 0 3 6 5 2 Type A 0 2 53 Type A 0 3 4 6 2 Type B 0 9 4 3 Type B 0 10 4 7 2 Type B 0 4 4 3 TypeB 0 6 4 8 2, 3 Type B 0 5 7 9 2, 3 Type B 0 5 2 10 2, 3 Type B 0 9 2 112, 3 Type B 0 12 2 12 2, 3 Type A 0 1 13 13 2, 3 Type A 0 1 6 14 2, 3Type A 0 2 4 15 2, 3 Type B 0 4 7 16 2, 3 Type B 0 8 4

Given the parameter value of the indexed row, the slot allocated to thePDSCH is floor(n·(2^(μPDSCH)/2^(μPDCCH)))+K0. Here, n is a slot with ascheduling DCI, and K0 is based on the numerology of the PDSCH. Each ofμ_(PDSCH) and μ_(PDCCH) is a subcarrier spacing configuration for eachof PDSCH and PDCCH.

The start symbol S for the start of the slot and L (the number ofsymbols allocated to the PDSCH), which is the number of consecutivesymbols counted from the symbol S, are determined from the ‘start andlength indicator’ SLIV.

When the UE is scheduled to transmit a transport block but no CSIreport, or when the UE is scheduled to transmit a transport block andCSI report(s) in PUSCH by DCI, the time domain resource assignment fieldvalue m of the DCI provides the row index m+1 in the allocated table.The indexed row directly defines a slot offset K2, a start and lengthindicator SLIV or a start symbol S and an allocation length L, and aPUSCH mapping type to be applied to PUSCH transmission.

The slot in which the UE should transmit the PUSCH may be determined, byK2, as floor(n·(2^(μPUSCH)/2^(μPDCCH)))+K2. Here, n is a slot with ascheduling DCI, and K2 is based on the numerology of PUSCH. μ_(PUSCH)and μ_(PDCCH) are subcarrier spacing configurations for PUSCH and PDCCH,respectively.

The start symbol S for the start of a slot (relative to the start of theslot) and L, the number of consecutive symbols allocated to the PUSCHcounted from the symbol S, is determined from the start and lengthindicator SLIV of the indexed row.

On the other hand, in the case of instructing/changing the minimumapplicable K0/K2 (K0 min/K2 min), when the correspondinginstruction/change is applied may be determined by “application delay”,and the application delay may be defined as follows. Hereinafter, forconvenience, the application delay may be expressed as X or theapplication delay X.

For the application delay X to apply the minimum applicable K0/K2value(s) indicated for the scheduled cell, triggered by a 1-bitindication of DCI format 1_1 or 0_1 in the scheduling cell,

the UE receives DCI indicating a change of the minimum applicable K0/K2value in slot n of the scheduling cell,

The UE may assume that a new minimum applicable K0/K2 value is appliedto the PDSCH/PUSCH of the scheduled cell from the slot (n+X) of thescheduling cell. That is, when DCI indicating a change of the minimumapplicable K0/K2 value is received in slot n of the scheduling cell, thechanged minimum applicable K0/K2 value is applied from slot n+X of thescheduling cell.

In case of self-carrier scheduling and at least PDCCH monitoring case1-1 (to be described later), X=max(Y, Z). Here, Y is the active minimumapplicable K0 value of the active DL BWP before the change indication, Zis (1, 1, 2, 2) for each downlink subcarrier spacing (DL SCS) (15, 30,60, 120) kHz, respectively.

In the above definition, Z may be defined as “the minimum feasiblenon-zero application delay that may depend on DL SCS”, and it might beinterpreted as the minimum time for PDCCH decoding.

The Z value is applied when Y is 0 or less than Z. In this case, the newminimum applicable value K0/K2 (K0 min/K2 min) may mean that it isapplied from the point in time when the UE recognizes the correspondingvalue (i.e., the time when PDCCH decoding ends).

FIG. 14 is an example of applying an application delay.

Referring to FIG. 14(a), the UE receives DCI in slot m, and receives thePDSCH scheduled by the DCI in slot m+K0. In this case, for example, itis assumed that the K0 min value that is the minimum applicable slotoffset is 1 and the K0 value is 2. Then, the UE may receive DCIincluding information indicating a change of the minimum applicable slotoffset in slot n. Through this, for example, suppose that the value ofK0 min is changed to 0. In this case, the change of the minimumapplicable slot offset is applied from slot n+X, not from slot n. Thevalue of X may be determined to be a largest value among Y and Z, suchas max(Y, Z). Here, Y is the active minimum applicable K0 value of theactive DL BWP before the change indication, Z may be (1, 1, 2, 2) inturn for the case where the DL SCS is (15, 30, 60, 120) kHz. In slotn+X, the UE may receive a DCI indicating 0 as a value of K0, and mayalso receive a PDSCH scheduled by the DCI.

Referring to FIG. 14(b), the UE may receive DCI #1 including informationindicating a change of the minimum applicable slot offset in slot n. Inthis case, the changed minimum applicable slot offset (let's call it K0minNew) is applied from slot n+X, not directly applied from slot n. Thatis, DCI #2 received in slot n+X indicates a K0 value greater than orequal to K0 minNew. From the UE's point of view, from slot n+X, it isexpected to receive a DCI indicating a K0 value greater than or equal toK0 minNew. Until slot n+X, the existing minimum applicable slot offset(let's call this K0 minOld) is applied.

PDCCH monitoring case 1-1, case 1-2, and case 2 may be defined asfollows.

Case 1: a case that the PDCCH monitoring period is 14 or more symbols.

Case 1-1: a case that PDCCH monitoring is performed on up to 3 OFDMsymbols from the beginning of a slot.

Case 1-2: a case that PDCCH monitoring is performed on any up to 3consecutive OFDM symbols of a slot.

For a given UE, all search space configurations are within the samerange of three consecutive OFDM symbols in a slot.

Case 2: a case that the PDCCH monitoring period is less than 14 symbols.This includes monitoring the PDCCH on up to 3 OFDM symbols from thebeginning of the slot.

This disclosure proposes a method of defining ‘application delay’ ineach case and cross-carrier scheduling.

<Application Delay>

FIG. 15 illustrates a location of a CORESET for PDCCH monitoring.

Referring to FIG. 15, the first CORESET 151 for PDCCH monitoring islocated within the first three symbols of the slot, and the secondCORESET 152 for PDCCH monitoring is located outside the first threesymbols of the slot, for example, may be located in the last threesymbols of the slot. It can be seen that the first CORESET 151corresponds to the aforementioned cases 1-1 and 1-2, and the secondCORESET 152 corresponds to the aforementioned cases 1-2.

That is, in case 1-2, unlike case 1-1 (the CORESET for PDCCH monitoringis located within the first 3 symbols in the slot), there is no positionrestriction in the slot of the CORESET for monitoring the PDCCH. Asshown in FIG. 15, the network may instruct the UE to position theCORESET in the last 3 symbols in the slot and monitor the PDCCH. Thismeans that the PDCCH decoding end time (i.e., DCI decoding end time) maybe different depending on the location of the CORESET. In determiningthe application delay X value for indicating the change of the minimumapplicable value K0/K2 (K0 min/K2 min) through DCI and determining theapplication timing, this point should be considered.

For example, when Y=0, Z=1, X=max(Y,Z)=1 is given. This means that thechanged minimum applicable value K0/K2 (K0 min/K2 min) is applied to theslot immediately following the change indicated. However, there may becases where this is not possible.

For example, PDCCH decoding may end in the next slot. For example, ifthe CORESET for PDCCH monitoring is located in the last 3 symbols of aslot, the UE will receive the PDCCH in the last 3 symbols and thendecode the PDCCH in the next slot. Therefore, it may not be possible toapply the PDCCH decoding result from the beginning of the next slot.

In order to solve such a problem, the present disclosure proposes thefollowing method. A solution method using the Z value is proposed below,but the same method may be applied to the X or Y value.

Option 1) It can be applied by adding a specific value (e.g., 1) to thepredefined Z value.

Option 1 is the simplest solution, and in cases 1-2, the applicationdelay can be derived by adding a specific value (e.g., 1) to the Zvalue. In this case, the specific value may be predefined or indicatedthrough higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC, MAC CE, etc.) of the network.

Option 2) Determining the Z value based on the location of the CORESET(group).

The UE may determine whether to add a specific value (e.g., 1) to the Zvalue according to the location of the CORESET to be monitored in thecorresponding slot. To this end, the location of the CORESET serving asa reference may be defined in advance or may be indicated by higherlayer signaling of the network. Alternatively, the reference position ofthe CORESET may be determined according to the decoding capability ofthe UE. In this case, the UE may report the decoding capability (e.g.,the position of the CORESET capable of terminating PDCCH decoding withinthe corresponding slot).

As the CORESET, all CORESETs monitored in the corresponding slot may beconsidered, or the CORESET, where non-fallback DCI to which the minimumapplicable K0/K2 may be indicated is monitored, may be limitedly appliedto.

For example, when all or part of the CORESET (in which PDCCH monitoringneeds to be performed) exists after a specific symbol index (indicatedin advance, or indicated by higher layer signaling of the network, orindicated by the capability reported by the UE), the UE may derive anapplication delay by adding a specific value (e.g., 1) to a predefined Zvalue.

Option 3) Z values specific to the case 1-2.

The network may separately indicate the Z value to be applied to Case1-2. Alternatively, the Z value for Case 1-2 may be determined by apredefined definition. In addition, as in option 2, it may determinewhether to apply the Z value for the case 1-2 depending on the locationof the CORESET, in option 3.

Case 2.

Case 2 refers to a case in which a plurality of monitoring occasions ofa specific search space set are set (or can be set) in one slot. In case2, the following method can be considered.

Option 1) A method that does not apply the power saving technique usingcross-slot scheduling to case 2.

As described above, the power saving technique using cross-slotscheduling is a scheme of performing a power saving operation during aslot offset between the PDCCH and the scheduled PDSCH. However, in case2, since one search space set may have a plurality of monitoringoccasions within one slot, it may be difficult to expect power savingsdue to sleep or the like. Therefore, in case 2, it can be assumed thatthe power saving operation by the minimum applicable K0 is notperformed.

In addition, the PDCCH monitoring occasion is determined by the searchspace set setting. When a plurality of search space sets are configured,different cases may be applied to each slot. Therefore, when differentcases are applied to each slot, option 1 may be interpreted assuggesting that it is assumed that cross-slot scheduling is not appliedin the slot corresponding to case 2 or that the minimum applicable valueK0/K2 is not changed in the slot corresponding to case 2.

As another method, when the minimum applicable value K0/K2 is newlyindicated (i.e., changed) by DCI transmitted in the slot correspondingto case 2, the UE may ignore the indication. This method can be appliedto case 1-2 as well as case 2.

Option 2) A method of applying an application delay for each monitoringoccasion

Since the application delay means the time when the newly indicatedminimum applicable values K0/K2 are applied, a method of defining theapplication delay for each monitoring occasion may also be considered.Therefore, in case 2, application delay can be applied for eachmonitoring occasion, this may mean that the application delay derivationmethod applied to Case 1-1 and Case 1-2 is applied according to thelocation of the monitoring occasion in the slot.

<Cross Carrier Scheduling>

Cross-carrier scheduling refers to a method of scheduling a PDSCH of ascheduled cell (a cell which is scheduled) in a PDCCH of a schedulingcell (a cell performing scheduling). That is, the PDCCH for PDSCHscheduling is decoded in the scheduling cell (more specifically, theactive DL BWP of the scheduling cell), and scheduling of the PDSCHtransmitted in the scheduled cell (more specifically, the active DL BWPof the scheduled cell) is performed through the corresponding DCI.

When applying a power saving technique using cross-slot scheduling in ascheduled cell (active BWP), the application delay for the minimumapplicable value K0/K2 of the scheduled cell (active BWP) may be definedin the following method.

Option 1) Scheduling Cell (Active BWP) Based Application Delay

The application delay can be interpreted as an offset from the slot inwhich the DCI indicating the new minimum applicable K0/K2 is transmittedto the slot to which the corresponding value is actually applied. Thisis closely related to PDCCH decoding. As described above, since thecross-carrier scheduling is a process of scheduling the PDSCH of ascheduled cell through the PDCCH in the scheduling cell, it may bedesirable to replace the application delay of the minimum applicablevalue K0/K2 of the scheduled cell with the application delay of thescheduling cell (active BWP). Therefore, the present disclosure proposesto determine Y and/or Z, which are parameters for determining theapplication delay, based on the scheduling cell.

For example, in cross-carrier scheduling, the application delay of thescheduled cell may be determined as follows. (Alternatively, it may bedefined to follow the application delay of the scheduling cell.)

For the application delay X to apply the minimum applicable K0/K2value(s) indicated for the scheduled cell, triggered by a 1-bitindication of DCI format 1_1 or 0_1 in the scheduling cell,

the UE receives DCI indicating a change in slot n of the schedulingcell,

the UE may be scheduled with the minimum applicable K0/K2 value for thePDSCH/PUSCH of the scheduled cell in DCI in the slot (n+X) of thescheduling cell.

For cross-carrier scheduling, X=max(Y, Z). Here, Y is the active minimumapplicable K0 value of the active DL BWP of the scheduling cell, and Zis (1, 1, 2, 2) for each downlink subcarrier spacing (DL SCS) (15, 30,60, 120) kHz of the active BWP of the scheduling cell, respectively.

Option 2) Application Delay Based on Scheduled Cell (Active BWP)

When the UE separately performs processing (e.g., PDCCH decoding) forthe scheduling cell and the scheduled cell, the PDCCH scheduling thePDSCH of the scheduled cell is transmitted in the scheduling cell, butthe application delay for the change of the minimum applicable value ofthe scheduled cell may be determined based on the scheduled cell.However, in this case, if the scheduling cell and the scheduled cellhave different numerology, a process of scaling to fit the numerology ofthe scheduling cell may be required. For example, in cross-carrierscheduling, the application delay of the scheduled cell may bedetermined as follows.

In the application delay X for applying the minimum applicable K0/K2value(s) indicated for the scheduled cell triggered by the 1-bitindication of DCI format 1_1 or 0_1 in the scheduling cell,

the UE receives DCI indicating a change in slot n of the schedulingcell,

the UE may be scheduled with the minimum applicable K0/K2 value for thePDSCH/PUSCH of the scheduled cell in DCI in the slot (n+X) of thescheduling cell.

For cross-carrier scheduling, X=max(Y,Z)·(2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled)) or X=ceil(max(Y,Z)·(2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled))). Here, Y is the active minimumapplicable K0 value of the active DL BWP of the scheduled cell beforethe change indication. For each downlink subcarrier spacing (DL SCS)(15, 30, 60, 120) kHz of the active BWP of the scheduled cell, z is (1,1, 2, 2) respectively.

In the above formula, μ_(scheduling) denotes the scheduling cell'snumerology (subcarrier spacing configuration), and μ_(scheduled) denotesthe scheduled cell's numerology (subcarrier spacing configuration). For{15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz}, it may have values of {0, 1, 2, 3}respectively.

Option 3) Combination of Option 1 and 2

Parameters Y and Z may be determined based on a scheduled cell and ascheduling cell, respectively. For example, since Y means the minimumapplicable value K0/K2 before change, it is determined based on thescheduled cell to which the minimum applicable value is applied. And Zmay be determined based on a scheduling cell in which actual PDCCHdecoding is performed.

In cross-carrier scheduling, the application delay of the scheduled cellmay be determined as follows.

In the application delay X for applying the minimum applicable K0/K2value(s) (K0 min/K2 min) indicated for the scheduled cell triggered bythe 1-bit indication of DCI format 1_1 or 0_1 in the scheduling cell,

the UE receives DCI indicating a change in slot n of the schedulingcell,

the UE may be scheduled with the minimum applicable K0/K2 value for thePDSCH/PUSCH of the scheduled cell in DCI in the slot (n+X) of thescheduling cell.

For cross-carrier scheduling,X=max(Y·(2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled)),Z) orX=max(ceil(Y·(2^(μscheduling)/2^(scheduled))), Z). Here, Y is the activeminimum applicable K0 value of the active DL BWP of the scheduled cellbefore the change indication, Z is (1, 1, 2, 2) for each downlinksubcarrier spacing (DL SCS) (15, 30, 60, 120) kHz of the active BWP ofthe scheduling cell, respectively.

FIG. 16 illustrates a method for determining an application delay valueaccording to option 3.

Referring to FIG. 16, the UE receives downlink control information (DCI)including information indicating a change to the value of K0 min or K2min in slot n of a scheduling cell (S161). The DCI may be received insymbols before a specific symbol index of the slot n (e.g., the first 3symbols of the slot n).

Each of the K0 min and K2 min is an applied minimum scheduling offsetrestriction. Specifically, the K0 min may be a minimum scheduling offsetrestriction related to a minimum value of an offset between a slot forreceiving the first DCI and a slot for receiving a physical downlinkshared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the first DCI, the K2 min may be aminimum scheduling offset restriction related to a minimum value of anoffset between a slot for receiving the second DCI and a slot fortransmitting a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) scheduled by thesecond DCI.

The UE may determine the application delay X as a largest value among i)a first value obtained by multiplying currently applied K0 min (let'scall this Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (let's call this Z) that are predetermined depending on asubcarrier spacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell (S162).

That is, the application delay X can be determined by the followingequation.

$\begin{matrix}{X = {\max( {\lceil {Y \cdot \frac{2^{\mu_{scheduling}}}{2^{\mu_{scheduled}}}} \rceil,\ Z} )}} & \lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{20mu} 1} \rbrack\end{matrix}$

The μ_(scheduling) is a subcarrier spacing configuration of thescheduling cell (That is, subcarrier spacing configuration associatedwith PDCCH, therefore, μ_(scheduling) may be expressed as μ_(PDCCH)) andthe μ_(scheduled) is a subcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduledcell (That is, subcarrier spacing configuration associated with PDSCH,therefore, μ_(scheduled) may be expressed as μ_(PDSCH)). The Y is the K0min value currently applied to the scheduled cell, and the Z is thesecond value.

Z may be predetermined as shown in the following table depending on thesubcarrier spacing (SCS) (or subcarrier spacing configuration μ) of thescheduling cell.

TABLE 6 μ Z 0 1 1 1 2 2 3 2

That is, when the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell is 15,30, 60, and 120 kHz, the Z value may be predetermined as 1, 1, 2, 2,respectively.

The UE applies the changed K0 min or the changed K2 min value in theslot n+X of the scheduling cell (S163).

On the other hand, as described above in ‘Option 2) Determining the Zvalue based on the location of the CORESET (group), if the DCI isreceived in symbols after the specific symbol index of slot n (e.g.,symbols outside the first 3 symbols of slot n), after increasing thesecond value Z by 1, the value of X is determined. The reason for doingthis is considering that the decoding (complete) timing of the DCI maybe slot n+1 instead of slot n depending on the location of the CORESET.

For example, let assume that downlink control information (DCI)including information indicating a change in the value of K0 min or K2min is received in the last three symbols of slot n. In this case,Equation 1 is used in obtaining the application delay X, but the Z valuefrom Table 6 is incremented by one (i.e., Z+1), instead of the Z valuefrom Table 6, and then used for Z of Equation 1.

FIG. 17 is an example of applying the method of FIG. 16.

Referring to FIG. 17, it is assumed that the subcarrier spacing (SCS)configuration of the scheduling cell is μ=0, and the SCS configurationμ=1 of the scheduled cell. It is assumed that K0 min (i.e., Y) currentlyapplied to the scheduled cell is referred to as K0 minOld forconvenience, and its value is 1. Since the subcarrier spacing (SCS)configuration of the scheduling cell μ=0, Z=1.

DCI including information indicating a change to K0 min may be receivedwithin the first three symbols of the slot n of the active DL BWP of thescheduling cell. Also, assume that the DCI is a DCI for cross-carrierscheduling.

The DCI may be, for example, DCI format 0_1 for scheduling one or morePUSCHs and DCI format 1_1 for scheduling PDSCH. Each of DCI format 0_1and DCI format 1_1 may or may not include a 1-bit ‘Minimum applicablescheduling offset indicator’, FIG. 17 exemplifies an inclusion case. Incase of DCI format 0_1, when the value of ‘Minimum applicable schedulingoffset indicator’ is 0, it indicates the first value among the K2 minvalues set by the higher layer signal. When the value of ‘Minimumapplicable scheduling offset indicator’ is 1, it indicates the secondvalue (if any) or 0 (if there is no second value) among the K2 minvalues set by the higher layer signal. In case of DCI format 1_1, whenthe value of ‘Minimum applicable scheduling offset indicator’ is 0, itindicates the first value among the K0 min values set by the higherlayer signal. When the value of ‘Minimum applicable scheduling offsetindicator’ is 1, it indicates the second value (if any) or 0 (if thereis no second value) among the K0 min values set by the higher layersignal.

It is possible to determine whether a change in the K0 min/K2 min valueis indicated according to the value of K0 min/K2 min indicated by thevalue of ‘Minimum applicable scheduling offset indicator’.

When the DCI indicates a change in the value of K0 min (/K2 min), thetime point at which the changed K0 min(/K2 min) is applied is slot n+X,where X is X=max(ceil(1·2⁰/2¹),1)=1 according to Equation 1 above.Accordingly, the time point at which the changed K0 min/K2 min isapplied becomes slot n+1.

FIG. 18 is another example of applying the method of FIG. 16.

Referring to FIG. 18, it is assumed that the subcarrier spacing (SCS)configuration of the scheduling cell is μ=2, and the SCS configurationof the scheduled cell is μ=1. It is assumed that K0 min (i.e., Y)currently applied to the scheduled cell is referred to as K0 minOld forconvenience, and its value is 1. Since the subcarrier spacing (SCS)configuration of the scheduling cell is ρ=2, Z=2.

DCI including information indicating a change of K0 min may be receivedwithin the first three symbols of the slot n of the active DL BWP of thescheduling cell. Also, assume that the DCI is a DCI for cross-carrierscheduling.

When the DCI indicates a change in the value of K0 min(/K2 min), thetime point at which the changed K0 min(/K2 min) is applied is slot n+X,where X is, according to Equation 1, X=max(ceil(1,2²/2¹),2)=2.Accordingly, the time point at which the changed K0 min/K2 min isapplied becomes slot n+2.

FIG. 19 illustrates a signaling method between a network (base station)and a UE.

Referring to FIG. 19, the base station provides a higher layer signalfor setting K0 min values to the UE (S191). For example,‘minimumSchedulingOffsetK0’ may be provided through ‘PDSCH-Config’ usedto set UE-specific PDSCH parameters, and ‘minimumSchedulingOffsetK0’ mayinclude a list of K0 min values.

The base station transmits the first DCI including informationindicating a change to K0 min to the UE in slot n of the scheduling cell(S192). The first DCI may be DCI format 1_1. The first DCI may betransmitted within the first three symbols of slot n or outside thefirst three symbols, and the Z value used to determine the applicationdelay X may vary depending on where the first DCI is transmitted. Thishas already been described above. The first DCI may inform the change ofK0 min through a 1-bit field. This has already been described above.

The UE determines an application delay value X related to the time ofapplying the changed K0 min (S193). As described above, the X value maybe determined based on the current K0 min of the scheduled cell, the SCSconfigurations of the scheduling cell and the scheduled cell, and apredetermined value dependent on the SCS configuration of the schedulingcell. For example, Equation 1 can be used.

The base station transmits the second DCI to which the changed K0 min isapplied (a second DCI based on the changed K0 min) in slot n+X of thescheduling cell (S194). Thereafter, the PDSCH scheduled by the secondDCI is transmitted in the scheduled cell (S195). The time intervalbetween the second DCI and the PDSCH must be equal to or greater thanthe changed K0 min. In the time interval, the UE may perform a sleepoperation or a PDCCH decoding relaxation operation to save power.

FIG. 20 illustrates a signaling method between a network (base station)and a UE.

Referring to FIG. 20, the base station provides a higher layer signalfor setting K2 min values to the UE (S201). For example,‘minimumSchedulingOffsetK2’ may be provided through ‘PUSCH-Config’ usedto set UE-specific PUSCH parameters, and ‘minimumSchedulingOffsetK2’ mayinclude a list of K2 min values.

The base station transmits a third DCI including information indicatinga change to K2 min to the UE in slot n of the scheduling cell (S202).The third DCI may be DCI format 0_1. The third DCI may be transmittedwithin the first three symbols of slot n or outside the first threesymbols, and the Z value used to determine the application delay X mayvary depending on where it is transmitted. This has already beendescribed above. The third DCI may inform the change of K2 min through a1-bit field. This has already been described above.

The UE determines the application delay value X related to the time toapply the changed K2 min (S203). As described above, the X value may bedetermined based on the current K0 min of the scheduled cell, the SCSconfigurations of the scheduling cell and the scheduled cell, and apredetermined value dependent on the SCS configuration of the schedulingcell. For example, Equation 1 can be used.

The base station transmits a fourth DCI to which the changed K2 min isapplied (a fourth DCI based on the changed K2 min) in slot n+X of thescheduling cell (S204). Thereafter, the PUSCH scheduled by the fourthDCI is received in the scheduled cell (S205). The time interval betweenthe fourth DCI and the PUSCH must be equal to or greater than thechanged K2 min. In the time interval, the UE may perform a sleepoperation or a PDCCH decoding relaxation operation to save power.

FIG. 21 illustrates a wireless device applicable to this specification.

Referring to FIG. 21, the first wireless device 100 and the secondwireless device 200 may transmit/receive wireless signals throughvarious wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).

The first wireless device 100 includes at least one processor 102 and atleast one memory 104 and may further include at least one transceiver106 and/or at least one antenna 108. The processor 102 may be configuredto control the memory 104 and/or the transceiver 106 and to implementthe descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102may process information in the memory 104 to generate firstinformation/signal and may then transmit a radio signal including thefirst information/signal through the transceiver 106. In addition, theprocessor 102 may receive a radio signal including secondinformation/signal through the transceiver 106 and may store informationobtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in thememory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and maystore various pieces of information related to the operation of theprocessor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store a software codeincluding instructions to perform some or all of processes controlled bythe processor 102 or to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.Here, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a radiocommunication technology (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may beconnected with the processor 102 and may transmit and/or receive a radiosignal via the at least one antennas 108. The transceiver 106 mayinclude a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may bereplaced with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In this specification, thewireless device may refer to a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 includes at least one processor 202 andat least one memory 204 and may further include at least one transceiver206 and/or at least one antenna 208. The processor 202 may be configuredto control the memory 204 and/or the transceiver 206 and to implementthe descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202may process information in the memory 204 to generate thirdinformation/signal and may then transmit a radio signal including thethird information/signal through the transceiver 206. In addition, theprocessor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourthinformation/signal through the transceiver 206 and may store informationobtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in thememory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and maystore various pieces of information related to the operation of theprocessor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store a software codeincluding instructions to perform some or all of processes controlled bythe processor 202 or to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.Here, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a radiocommunication technology (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may beconnected with the processor 202 and may transmit and/or receive a radiosignal via the at least one antennas 208. The transceiver 206 mayinclude a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may bereplaced with an RF unit. In this specification, the wireless device mayrefer to a communication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 aredescribed in detail. At least one protocol layer may be implemented, butlimited to, by the at least one processor 102 and 202. For example, theat least one processor 102 and 202 may implement at least one layer(e.g., a functional layer, such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAPlayers). The at least one processor 102 and 202 may generate at leastone protocol data unit (PDU) and/or at least one service data unit (SDU)according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The at leastone processor 102 and 202 may generate a message, control information,data, or information according to the descriptions, functions,procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosedherein. The at least one processor 102 and 202 may generate a signal(e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, an SDU, a message, controlinformation, data, or information according to the functions,procedures, proposals, and/or methods disclosed herein and may providethe signal to the at least one transceiver 106 and 206. The at least oneprocessor 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal)from the at least one transceiver 106 and 206 and may obtain a PDU, anSDU, a message, control information, data, or information according tothe descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed herein.

The at least one processor 102 and 202 may be referred to as acontroller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. Theat least one processor 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, at least oneapplication-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), at least one digitalsignal processor (DSP), at least one digital signal processing devices(DSPD), at least one programmable logic devices (PLD), or at least onefield programmable gate array (FPGA) may be included in the at least oneprocessor 102 and 202. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may beimplemented as at least one computer readable medium (CRM) includinginstructions based on being executed by the at least one processor.

For example, each method described in FIGS. 16 to 20 may be performed byat least one computer readable medium (CRM) including instructions basedon being executed by at least one processor. The CRM may perform, forexample, receiving downlink control information (DCI) includinginformation for a change to a value of K0 min or K2 min in a slot n of ascheduling cell, each of the K0 min and K2 min being an applied minimumscheduling offset restriction, and applying a changed K0 min or achanged K2 min value in a slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X valueis a largest value among i) a first value obtained by multiplyingcurrently applied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.

The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented usingfirmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured toinclude modules, procedures, functions, and the like. The firmware orsoftware configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein maybe included in the at least one processor 102 and 202 or may be storedin the at least one memory 104 and 204 and may be executed by the atleast one processor 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions,procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosedherein may be implemented in the form of a code, an instruction, and/ora set of instructions using firmware or software.

The at least one memory 104 and 204 may be connected to the at least oneprocessor 102 and 202 and may store various forms of data, signals,messages, information, programs, codes, indications, and/or commands.The at least one memory 104 and 204 may be configured as a ROM, a RAM,an EPROM, a flash memory, a hard drive, a register, a cache memory, acomputer-readable storage medium, and/or a combinations thereof. The atleast one memory 104 and 204 may be disposed inside and/or outside theat least one processor 102 and 202. In addition, the at least one memory104 and 204 may be connected to the at least one processor 102 and 202through various techniques, such as a wired or wireless connection.

The at least one transceiver 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, a radio signal/channel, or the like mentioned in themethods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein to at leastdifferent device. The at least one transceiver 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, a radio signal/channel, or the likementioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein from at leastone different device. For example, the at least one transceiver 106 and206 may be connected to the at least one processor 102 and 202 and maytransmit and receive a radio signal. For example, the at least oneprocessor 102 and 202 may control the at least one transceiver 106 and206 to transmit user data, control information, or a radio signal to atleast one different device. In addition, the at least one processor 102and 202 may control the at least one transceiver 106 and 206 to receiveuser data, control information, or a radio signal from at least onedifferent device. The at least one transceiver 106 and 206 may beconnected to the at least one antenna 108 and 208 and may be configuredto transmit or receive user data, control information, a radiosignal/channel, or the like mentioned in the descriptions, functions,procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosedherein through the at least one antenna 108 and 208. In this document,the at least one antenna may be a plurality of physical antennas or maybe a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The at leastone transceiver 106 and 206 may convert a received radio signal/channelfrom an RF band signal into a baseband signal in order to processreceived user data, control information, a radio signal/channel, or thelike using the at least one processor 102 and 202. The at least onetransceiver 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, aradio signal/channel, or the like, processed using the at least oneprocessor 102 and 202, from a baseband signal to an RF bad signal. Tothis end, the at least one transceiver 106 and 206 may include an(analog) oscillator and/or a filter.

FIG. 22 shows an example of a structure of a signal processing module.Herein, signal processing may be performed in the processors 102 and 202of FIG. 21.

Referring to FIG. 22, the transmitting device (e.g., a processor, theprocessor and a memory, or the processor and a transceiver) in a UE orBS may include a scrambler 301, a modulator 302, a layer mapper 303, anantenna port mapper 304, a resource block mapper 305, and a signalgenerator 306.

The transmitting device can transmit one or more codewords. Coded bitsin each codeword are scrambled by the corresponding scrambler 301 andtransmitted over a physical channel. A codeword may be referred to as adata string and may be equivalent to a transport block which is a datablock provided by the MAC layer.

Scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols bythe corresponding modulator 302. The modulator 302 can modulate thescrambled bits according to a modulation scheme to arrangecomplex-valued modulation symbols representing positions on a signalconstellation. The modulation scheme is not limited and m-PSK (m-PhaseShift Keying) or m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) may be usedto modulate the coded data. The modulator may be referred to as amodulation mapper.

The complex-valued modulation symbols can be mapped to one or moretransport layers by the layer mapper 303. Complex-valued modulationsymbols on each layer can be mapped by the antenna port mapper 304 fortransmission on an antenna port.

Each resource block mapper 305 can map complex-valued modulation symbolswith respect to each antenna port to appropriate resource elements in avirtual resource block allocated for transmission. The resource blockmapper can map the virtual resource block to a physical resource blockaccording to an appropriate mapping scheme. The resource block mapper305 can allocate complex-valued modulation symbols with respect to eachantenna port to appropriate subcarriers and multiplex the complex-valuedmodulation symbols according to a user.

Signal generator 306 can modulate complex-valued modulation symbols withrespect to each antenna port, that is, antenna-specific symbols,according to a specific modulation scheme, for example, OFDM (OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplexing), to generate a complex-valued timedomain OFDM symbol signal. The signal generator can perform IFFT(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) on the antenna-specific symbols, and aCP (cyclic Prefix) can be inserted into time domain symbols on whichIFFT has been performed. OFDM symbols are subjected to digital-analogconversion and frequency up-conversion and then transmitted to thereceiving device through each transmission antenna. The signal generatormay include an IFFT module, a CP inserting unit, a digital-to-analogconverter (DAC) and a frequency upconverter.

FIG. 23 shows another example of a structure of a signal processingmodule in a transmitting device. Herein, signal processing may beperformed in a processor of a UE/BS, such as the processors 102 and 202of FIG. 21.

Referring to FIG. 23, the transmitting device (e.g., a processor, theprocessor and a memory, or the processor and a transceiver) in the UE orthe BS may include a scrambler 401, a modulator 402, a layer mapper 403,a precoder 404, a resource block mapper 405, and a signal generator 406.

The transmitting device can scramble coded bits in a codeword by thecorresponding scrambler 401 and then transmit the scrambled coded bitsthrough a physical channel.

Scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols bythe corresponding modulator 402. The modulator can modulate thescrambled bits according to a predetermined modulation scheme to arrangecomplex-valued modulation symbols representing positions on a signalconstellation. The modulation scheme is not limited and pi/2-BPSK(pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying) or m-QAM(m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) may be used to modulate the codeddata.

The complex-valued modulation symbols can be mapped to one or moretransport layers by the layer mapper 403.

Complex-valued modulation symbols on each layer can be precoded by theprecoder 404 for transmission on an antenna port. Here, the precoder mayperform transform precoding on the complex-valued modulation symbols andthen perform precoding. Alternatively, the precoder may performprecoding without performing transform precoding. The precoder 404 canprocess the complex-valued modulation symbols according to MIMO usingmultiple transmission antennas to output antenna-specific symbols anddistribute the antenna-specific symbols to the corresponding resourceblock mapper 405. An output z of the precoder 404 can be obtained bymultiplying an output y of the layer mapper 403 by an N×M precodingmatrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number oflayers.

Each resource block mapper 405 maps complex-valued modulation symbolswith respect to each antenna port to appropriate resource elements in avirtual resource block allocated for transmission.

The resource block mapper 405 can allocate complex-valued modulationsymbols to appropriate subcarriers and multiplex the complex-valuedmodulation symbols according to a user.

Signal generator 406 can modulate complex-valued modulation symbolsaccording to a specific modulation scheme, for example, OFDM, togenerate a complex-valued time domain OFDM symbol signal. The signalgenerator 406 can perform IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) onantenna-specific symbols, and a CP (cyclic Prefix) can be inserted intotime domain symbols on which IFFT has been performed. OFDM symbols aresubjected to digital-analog conversion and frequency up-conversion andthen transmitted to the receiving device through each transmissionantenna. The signal generator 406 may include an IFFT module, a CPinserting unit, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a frequencyupconverter.

The signal processing procedure of the receiving device may be reverseto the signal processing procedure of the transmitting device.Specifically, the processor of the transmitting device decodes anddemodulates RF signals received through antenna ports of thetransceiver. The receiving device may include a plurality of receptionantennas, and signals received through the reception antennas arerestored to baseband signals, and then multiplexed and demodulatedaccording to MIMO to be restored to a data string intended to betransmitted by the transmitting device. The receiving device may includea signal restoration unit that restores received signals to basebandsignals, a multiplexer for combining and multiplexing received signals,and a channel demodulator for demodulating multiplexed signal stringsinto corresponding codewords. The signal restoration unit, themultiplexer and the channel demodulator may be configured as anintegrated module or independent modules for executing functionsthereof. More specifically, the signal restoration unit may include ananalog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into adigital signal, a CP removal unit that removes a CP from the digitalsignal, an FET module for applying FFT (fast Fourier transform) to thesignal from which the CP has been removed to output frequency domainsymbols, and a resource element demapper/equalizer for restoring thefrequency domain symbols to antenna-specific symbols. Theantenna-specific symbols are restored to transport layers by themultiplexer and the transport layers are restored by the channeldemodulator to codewords intended to be transmitted by the transmittingdevice.

FIG. 24 illustrates an example of a wireless communication deviceaccording to an implementation example of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 24, the wireless communication device, for example, aUE may include at least one of a processor 2310 such as a digital signalprocessor (DSP) or a microprocessor, a transceiver 2335, a powermanagement module 2305, an antenna 2340, a battery 2355, a display 2315,a keypad 2320, a global positioning system (GPS) chip 2360, a sensor2365, a memory 2330, a subscriber identification module (SIM) card 2325,a speaker 2345 and a microphone 2350. A plurality of antennas and aplurality of processors may be provided.

The processor 2310 can implement functions, procedures and methodsdescribed in the present description. The processor 2310 in FIG. 24 maybe the processors 102 and 202 in FIG. 21.

The memory 2330 is connected to the processor 2310 and storesinformation related to operations of the processor. The memory may belocated inside or outside the processor and connected to the processorthrough various techniques such as wired connection and wirelessconnection. The memory 2330 in FIG. 24 may be the memories 104 and 204in FIG. 21.

A user can input various types of information such as telephone numbersusing various techniques such as pressing buttons of the keypad 2320 oractivating sound using the microphone 2350. The processor 2310 canreceive and process user information and execute an appropriate functionsuch as calling using an input telephone number. In some scenarios, datacan be retrieved from the SIM card 2325 or the memory 2330 to executeappropriate functions. In some scenarios, the processor 2310 can displayvarious types of information and data on the display 2315 for userconvenience.

The transceiver 2335 is connected to the processor 2310 and transmitand/or receive RF signals. The processor can control the transceiver inorder to start communication or to transmit RF signals including varioustypes of information or data such as voice communication data. Thetransceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting andreceiving RF signals. The antenna 2340 can facilitate transmission andreception of RF signals. In some implementation examples, when thetransceiver receives an RF signal, the transceiver can forward andconvert the signal into a baseband frequency for processing performed bythe processor. The signal can be processed through various techniquessuch as converting into audible or readable information to be outputthrough the speaker 2345. The transceiver in FIG. 24 may be thetransceivers 106 and 206 in FIG. 21.

Although not shown in FIG. 24, various components such as a camera and auniversal serial bus (USB) port may be additionally included in the UE.For example, the camera may be connected to the processor 2310.

FIG. 24 is an example of implementation with respect to the UE andimplementation examples of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto. The UE need not essentially include all the components shown inFIG. 24. That is, some of the components, for example, the keypad 2320,the GPS chip 2360, the sensor 2365 and the SIM card 2325 may not beessential components. In this case, they may not be included in the UE.

FIG. 25 shows an example of a processor 2000.

Referring to FIG. 25, the processor 2000 may include a control channelmonitoring unit 2010 and a data channel receiving unit 2020. Theprocessor 2000 may execute the methods (the position of the receiver,for example, the position of the UE) described with reference to FIGS.16 to 20. For example, the processor 2000 receives downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information notifying a change in the valueof K0 min or K2 min in slot n of a scheduling cell, each of K0 min andK2 min being an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction. Also, theprocessor 2000 applies the changed K0 min or the changed K2 min value inthe slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X value is a largest valueamong i) a first value obtained by multiplying currently applied K0 min(Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell. The processor2000 may be an example of the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 21.

FIG. 26 shows an example of a processor 3000.

Referring to FIG. 26, the processor 3000 may include a controlinformation/data generation module 3010 and a transmission module 3020.The processor 3000 may execute the methods described from theperspective of the transmitter in FIGS. 16 to 20. For example, theprocessor 3000 transmits, to a user equipment, downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, each of the K0 min andK2 min being an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction. Theprocessor 3000 may assume that the changed K0 min or the changed K2 minvalue is applied in the slot n+X of the scheduling cell. The X value isa largest value among i) a first value obtained by multiplying currentlyapplied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell. The μscheduling is a subcarrierspacing configuration of the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell. The processor3000 may be an example of the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 21.

FIG. 27 shows another example of a wireless device.

According to FIG. 27, a wireless device may include at least oneprocessor 102, 202, at least one memory 104, 204, at least onetransceiver 106, 206, and one or more antennas 108, 208.

The example of the wireless device described in FIG. 27 is differentfrom the example of the wireless described in FIG. 21 in that theprocessors 102 and 202 and the memories 104 and 204 are separated inFIG. 21 whereas the memories 104 and 204 are included in the processors102 and 202 in the example of FIG. 27. That is, the processor and thememory may constitute one chipset.

FIG. 28 shows another example of a wireless device applied to thepresent specification. The wireless device may be implemented in variousforms according to a use-case/service.

Referring to FIG. 28, wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to thewireless devices of FIG. 21 and may be configured by various elements,components, units/portions, and/or modules. For example, each of thewireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, acontrol unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additional components 140. Thecommunication unit may include a communication circuit 112 andtransceiver(s) 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 mayinclude the one or more processors 102 and 202 and/or the one or morememories 104 and 204. For example, the transceiver(s) 114 may includethe one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and/or the one or more antennas108 and 208 of FIG. 21. The control unit 120 is electrically connectedto the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additionalcomponents 140 and controls overall operation of the wireless devices.For example, the control unit 120 may control an electric/mechanicaloperation of the wireless device based onprograms/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit 130. Inaddition, the control unit 120 may transmit the information stored inthe memory unit 130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices)via the communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface orstore, in the memory unit 130, information received through thewireless/wired interface from the exterior (e.g., other communicationdevices) via the communication unit 110.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according totypes of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O)unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may beimplemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100 aof FIG. 30), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 30), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 30), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 30), thehome appliance (100 e of FIG. 30), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 30), adigital broadcast UE, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTCdevice, a medicine device, a fintech device (or a finance device), asecurity device, a climate/environment device, the AI server/device (400of FIG. 30), the BSs (200 of FIG. 30), a network node, etc. The wirelessdevice may be used in a mobile or fixed place according to ause-example/service.

In FIG. 28, the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. In addition, each element,component, unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100and 200 may further include one or more elements. For example, thecontrol unit 120 may be configured by a set of one or more processors.For example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a set of acommunication control processor, an application processor, an ElectronicControl Unit (ECU), a graphical processing unit, and a memory controlprocessor. For another example, the memory 130 may be configured by aRandom Access Memory (RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory(ROM)), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/ora combination thereof.

FIG. 29 illustrates a hand-held device applied to the presentspecification. The hand-held device may include a smartphone, asmartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), or aportable computer (e.g., a notebook). The hand-held device may bereferred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a MobileSubscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced MobileStation (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 29, a hand-held device 100 may include an antenna unit108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, apower supply unit 140 a, an interface unit 140 b, and an I/O unit 140 c.The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communicationunit 110. Blocks 110 to 130/140 a to 140 c respective correspond to theblocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 28.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Thecontrol unit 120 may perform various operations by controllingconstituent elements of the hand-held device 100. The control unit 120may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may storedata/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-helddevice 100. In addition, the memory unit 130 may store input/outputdata/information. The power supply unit 140 a may supply power to thehand-held device 100 and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, abattery, etc. The interface unit 140 b may support connection of thehand-held device 100 to other external devices. The interface unit 140 bmay include various ports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port)for connection with external devices. The I/O unit 140 c may input oroutput video information/signals, audio information/signals, data,and/or information input by a user. The I/O unit 140 c may include acamera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140 d, aspeaker, and/or a haptic module.

For example, in the case of data communication, the I/O unit 140 c mayacquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video)input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored inthe memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert theinformation/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmitthe converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to aBS. In addition, the communication unit 110 may receive radio signalsfrom other wireless devices or the BS and then restore the receivedradio signals into original information/signals. The restoredinformation/signals may be stored in the memory unit 130 and may beoutput as various types (e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic)through the I/O unit 140 c.

FIG. 30 illustrates a communication system 1 applied to the presentspecification.

Referring to FIG. 30, a communication system 1 applied to the presentspecification includes wireless devices, Base Stations (BSs), and anetwork. Herein, the wireless devices represent devices performingcommunication using Radio Access Technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT(NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to ascommunication/radio/5G devices. The wireless devices may include,without being limited to, a robot 100 a, vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2,an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100 c, a hand-held device 100 d, a homeappliance 100 e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100 f, and anArtificial Intelligence (AI) device/server 400. For example, thevehicles may include a vehicle having a wireless communication function,an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communicationbetween vehicles. Herein, the vehicles may include an Unmanned AerialVehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may include an AugmentedReality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) device and may beimplemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-UpDisplay (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, acomputer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage,a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device may include a smartphone,a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses),and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The home appliance may include a TV,a refrigerator, and a washing machine. The IoT device may include asensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSs and the network may beimplemented as wireless devices and a specific wireless device 200 a mayoperate as a BS/network node with respect to other wireless devices.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g.,NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f maycommunicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, thewireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication (e.g.,sidelink communication) with each other without passing through theBSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2 may performdirect communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). In addition, the IoTdevice (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoTdevices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b, or 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f/BS 200, or BS200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may beestablished through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlinkcommunication 150 a, sidelink communication 150 b (or, D2Dcommunication), or inter BS communication (e.g. relay, Integrated AccessBackhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wireless devicesmay transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other through thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b may transmit/receivesignals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a partof various configuration information configuring processes, varioussignal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding,modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resourceallocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may beperformed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.

Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wirelessdevices 100 and 200 of the present specification may include anarrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication as well asLTE, NR, and 6G. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be anexample of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and it may beimplemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and isnot limited to the above-described name. Additionally or alternatively,the wireless communication technology implemented in the wirelessdevices 100 and 200 of the present specification may performcommunication based on the LTE-M technology. In this case, as anexample, the LTE-M technology may be an example of an LPWAN technology,and may be called by various names such as enhanced machine typecommunication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implementedin at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE CatM1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6)LTE Machine Type Communication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited tothe above-described name. Additionally or alternatively, the wirelesscommunication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200of the present specification may include at least one of ZigBee,Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) in consideration oflow power communication, and is not limited to the above-mentionednames. For example, the ZigBee technology can create PAN (personal areanetworks) related to small/low-power digital communication based onvarious standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by variousnames.

NR supports a plurality of numerologies (or a plurality of ranges ofsubcarrier spacing (SCS)) in order to support a variety of 5G services.For example, when SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellularbands is supported; when SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, a dense-urban,lower-latency, and wider-carrier bandwidth is supported; when SCS is 60kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz is supported toovercome phase noise.

NR frequency bands may be defined as frequency ranges of two types (FR1and FR2). The values of the frequency ranges may be changed. Forexample, the frequency ranges of the two types (FR1 and FR2) may be asshown in Table 7. For convenience of description, FR1 of the frequencyranges used for an NR system may refer to a “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2may refer to an “above 6 GHz range” and may be referred to as amillimeter wave (mmW).

TABLE 7 Frequency range Corresponding frequency designation rangeSubcarrier spacing FR1  450 MHz-6000 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As illustrated above, the values of the frequency ranges for the NRsystem may be changed. For example, FR1 may include a band from 410 MHzto 7125 MHz as shown in Table 8. That is, FR1 may include a frequencyband of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, or the like) or greater. Forexample, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, or thelike) or greater included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band. Theunlicensed bands may be used for a variety of purposes, for example, forvehicular communication (e.g., autonomous driving).

TABLE 8 Frequency range Corresponding frequency designation rangeSubcarrier spacing FR1  410 MHz-7125 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

FIG. 31 illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous driving vehicle appliedto this specification. The vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle maybe configured as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmannedaerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like.

Referring to FIG. 31, the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a controlunit 120, a driving unit 140 a, a power supply unit 140 b, a sensor unit140 c, and an autonomous driving unit 140 d. The antenna unit 108 may beconfigured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110/130/140 ato 140 d correspond to the blocks 110/130/140 in FIG. 28, respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive a signal (e.g.,data, a control signal, or the like) to and from external devices, suchas a different vehicle, a base station (e.g. a base station, a road-sideunit, or the like), and a server. The control unit 120 may controlelements of the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 to performvarious operations. The control unit 120 may include an electroniccontrol unit (ECU). The driving unit 140 a may enable the vehicle or theautonomous driving vehicle 100 to run on the ground. The driving unit140 a may include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, a brake, asteering device, and the like. The power supply unit 140 b suppliespower to the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 and mayinclude a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, and the like. Thesensor unit 140 c may obtain a vehicle condition, environmentalinformation, user information, and the like. The sensor unit 140 c mayinclude an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, awheel sensor, a speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a weight sensor, aheading sensor, a position module, vehicular forward/backward visionsensors, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steeringsensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor,an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, and the like. Theautonomous driving unit 140 d may implement a technology for maintaininga driving lane, a technology for automatically adjusting speed, such asadaptive cruise control, a technology for automatic driving along a setroute, a technology for automatically setting a route and driving when adestination is set, and the like.

For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, trafficcondition data, and the like from an external server. The autonomousdriving unit 140 d may generate an autonomous driving route and adriving plan on the basis of obtained data. The control unit 120 maycontrol the driving unit 140 a to move the vehicle or the autonomousdriving vehicle 100 along the autonomous driving route according to thedriving plan (e.g., speed/direction control). During autonomous driving,the communication unit 110 may aperiodically/periodically obtain updatedtraffic condition data from the external server and may obtainsurrounding traffic condition data from a neighboring vehicle. Further,during autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140 c may obtain a vehiclecondition and environmental information. The autonomous driving unit 140d may update the autonomous driving route and the driving plan on thebasis of newly obtained data/information. The communication unit 110 maytransmit information about a vehicle location, an autonomous drivingroute, a driving plan, and the like to the external server. The externalserver may predict traffic condition data in advance using AI technologyor the like on the basis of information collected from vehicles orautonomous driving vehicles and may provide the predicted trafficcondition data to the vehicles or the autonomous driving vehicles.

Claims disclosed in the present specification can be combined in variousways. For example, technical features in method claims of the presentspecification can be combined to be implemented or performed in anapparatus, and technical features in apparatus claims of the presentspecification can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod. Further, technical features in method claims and apparatusclaims of the present specification can be combined to be implemented orperformed in an apparatus. Further, technical features in method claimsand apparatus claims of the present specification can be combined to beimplemented or performed in a method.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for determining an application delayvalue of a minimum scheduling offset restriction in a wirelesscommunication system, the method comprising: receiving downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, wherein each of the K0min and K2 min is an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction, andapplying a changed K0 min or a changed K2 min value in a slot n+X of thescheduling cell, wherein the X value is a largest value among i) a firstvalue obtained by multiplying currently applied K0 min (Y) in ascheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by 2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled)and then performing ceiling and ii) a second value (Z) that arepredetermined depending on a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the schedulingcell, and wherein the μscheduling is a subcarrier spacing configurationof the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is a subcarrier spacingconfiguration of the scheduled cell.
 2. The method of claim 1, whereinthe DCI is received in symbols before a specific symbol index of theslot n.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein based on the DCI beingreceived in symbols after a specific symbol index of the slot n, thesecond value (Z) is incremented by 1 and then the X value is determined.4. The method of claim 1, wherein the X value is determined based on afollowing equation,$X = {\max( {\lceil {Y \cdot \frac{2^{\mu_{scheduling}}}{2^{\mu_{scheduled}}}} \rceil,\ Z} )}$wherein the Y is a K0 min value currently applied to the scheduled cell,and the Z is the second value.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein basedon a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell being 15 kHz, 30kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, the second value (Z) is 1, 1, 2, 2, respectively.6. The method of claim 1, wherein the slot n includes a total of 14symbols in a time domain.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the K0 minis a minimum scheduling offset restriction related to a minimum value ofan offset between a slot for receiving a first DCI and a slot forreceiving a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by thefirst DCI, and wherein the K2 min is a minimum scheduling offsetrestriction related to a minimum value of an offset between a slot forreceiving a second DCI and a slot for transmitting a physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) scheduled by the second DCI.
 8. A user equipment(UE) comprising: a transceiver for transmitting and receiving a radiosignal; and a processor operating in connected to the transceiver,wherein the processor is configured to: receive downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, wherein each of the K0min and K2 min is an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction, andapply a changed K0 min or a changed K2 min value in a slot n+X of thescheduling cell, wherein the X value is a largest value among i) a firstvalue obtained by multiplying currently applied K0 min (Y) in ascheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by 2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled)and then performing ceiling and ii) a second value (Z) that arepredetermined depending on a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the schedulingcell, and wherein the μscheduling is a subcarrier spacing configurationof the scheduling cell and the μscheduled is a subcarrier spacingconfiguration of the scheduled cell.
 9. The UE of claim 8, wherein theDCI is received in symbols before a specific symbol index of the slot n.10. The UE of claim 8, wherein based on the DCI being received insymbols after a specific symbol index of the slot n, the second value(Z) is incremented by 1 and then the X value is determined.
 11. The UEof claim 8, wherein the X value is determined based on a followingequation,$X = {\max( {\lceil {Y \cdot \frac{2^{\mu_{scheduling}}}{2^{\mu_{scheduled}}}} \rceil,\ Z} )}$wherein the Y is a K0 min value currently applied to the scheduled cell,and the Z is the second value.
 12. The UE of claim 8, wherein based on asubcarrier spacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell being 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60kHz, 120 kHz, the second value (Z) is 1, 1, 2, 2, respectively.
 13. TheUE of claim 8, wherein the slot n includes a total of 14 symbols in atime domain.
 14. The UE of claim 8, wherein the K0 min is a minimumscheduling offset restriction related to a minimum value of an offsetbetween a slot for receiving a first DCI and a slot for receiving aphysical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the first DCI, andwherein the K2 min is a minimum scheduling offset restriction related toa minimum value of an offset between a slot for receiving a second DCIand a slot for transmitting a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)scheduled by the second DCI.
 15. A communication method of a basestation to which an application delay value of a minimum schedulingoffset restriction is applied in a wireless communication system, themethod comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment, downlink controlinformation (DCI) including information for a change to a value of K0min or K2 min in a slot n of a scheduling cell, wherein each of the K0min and K2 min is an applied minimum scheduling offset restriction, andcommunicating with the user equipment by applying a changed K0 min or achanged K2 min value in a slot n+X of the scheduling cell, wherein the Xvalue is a largest value among i) a first value obtained by multiplyingcurrently applied K0 min (Y) in a scheduled cell scheduled by the DCI by2^(μscheduling)/2^(μscheduled) and then performing ceiling and ii) asecond value (Z) that are predetermined depending on a subcarrierspacing (SCS) of the scheduling cell, and wherein the μscheduling is asubcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduling cell and theμscheduled is a subcarrier spacing configuration of the scheduled cell.